Indo-Pak Relations (1965 - present)

India and Pakistan have had a very hostile relationship since their bifurcation in 1947. The partition was driven by the Muslim League's demand for a separate nation based on religious identity, as they believed that British India consisted of two types of people: Muslims and Hindus. In response, the British divided the region, designating predominantly Hindu areas as India and predominantly Muslim areas as Pakistan. However, British India lacked demarcated religious boundaries, leading to widespread confusion, displacement, and violence. Geographically, Pakistan was divided into West Pakistan (current-day Pakistan) and East Pakistan (current-day Bangladesh). The ideological divide soon turned into bloody conflict; migrants faced looting, violence, and worse atrocities, with families separated and many women taking their lives to avoid assault. Shortly after gaining independence, both countries established diplomatic ties, but tensions from the partition and disputes over princely...